Decline

The land of Mesopotamia was fought over for over 3,000 years for its fertile soil and abundance of food. It ended when the Chaldean (New Babylon) Empire, ruled by Nebuchadnezzar II, was conquered by Cyrus the Great and the Persians  in 539 B.C. Once the Persians took over, all of the inhabitants of Mesopotamia fled for Southern and Eastern Europe. Thus, the end of Mesopotamia. The Persian Empire flourished until Alexander the Great took over.  And although it could not last forever, Mesopotamia fought the constant bombardment for as long as it could, all the while prospering. Mesopotamia created the first empire ever, under the Akkadian king Sargon. That and its many other contributions to the world will never be forgotten.

Chaldean Empire 539 B.C.